Gospel Herald Obituaries - November, 1932

||| Week 1 | Week 2 | Week 3 | Week 4 |


Gospel Herald - Volume XXV, Number 31 - November 3, 1932 -- pages 671 & 672

Glick.--Mary (Mast) Glick was born June 11, 1861, in Berks Co., Pa.; died Aug. 13, 1932, of heart trouble at her home near Morgantown, Pa.; aged 71 y. 3 m. 2 d. She leaves a sorrowing husband, 1 son (John), 1 daughter (Emma--both at home), 2 aged brothers (Stephen and Isaac Mast), and 1 sister (Emma Kauffman). Isaac answered the summons just 3 weeks later. She had many friends and was of a loving and quiet disposition. Services were held at the Conestoga Church conducted by B. B. King and John A. Kennel. Interment in Pine Grove Cemetery. By a niece.

Ebersole.--Martin E. Ebersole, a faithful member of Stauffer's Mennonite Church for many years, and a life-long resident of this community, fell asleep in Jesus on Sept. 23, 1932; aged 70 y. 2 m. 6 d. He leaves his companion, 3 daughters and 3 sons and a number of grandchildren. He will be greatly missed in the home and at Stauffer's Church where his seat was seldom vacant. Funeral services were conducted from his late home at Hershey and at Stauffer's church near Bachmansville, Pa., by Noah W. Risser and Ben Keener. Text (chosen by family) II Tim. 4:6-8. Buried in the cemetery adjoining the church.

Transcriber's note: Stauffer's "Church" and Stauffer's "church" are copy.

Swartz.--Abraham Swartz of Kitchener, Ont., was born Mar. 12, 1852; died at the age of 80 y. 7 m. Bro Swartz was converted in early manhood, joined the Mennonite Church and remained faithful to his faith until death. He was predeceased by his wife (Susannah Bergey), nearly 8 years ago. He is survived by 1 son, 5 daughters, 1 brother, 1 sister, 30 grandchildren and 20 great-grandchildren. Bro. Swartz was known for his optimism, ever looking on the better side of things, expecting things to come, and ever had faith in the Lord, the cause and His people. He will be missed in the church circles. The funeral was conducted at the First Mennonite church by Bro. C. F. Derstine, the pastor. Burial at Latchaw Cemetery, Petersburg, Ont.

Smith.--Martha A. Smith, daughter of John and Maria Beichler, was born in Medina Co., Ohio, Jan. 28, 1863; died at the home of her daughter Mrs. Lena Blatter, Sterling, Ohio, Oct. 2, 1932, in her seventieth year. She became a member of the Methodist Church in her youth. She was married to Maryland C. Smith on July 3, 1887, and to this union 7 children were born. Her husband and 4 children preceded her in death. She is survived by 3 daughters (Mrs. Orpha Davis, Munroe Falls, Mrs. Lena Blatter and Mrs. Luella Renner of Sterling), 14 grandchildren and 1 brother (Edward Beichler, Rittman, Ohio). Funeral services were held from the Bethel Mennonite Church conducted by S. D. Rohrer, assisted by F. G. Reece of Sterling. Text, II Kings 20:1. Burial in lower Mennonite Cemetery.

Horst.--Quintes Eli, son of Eli S. Horst of Ephrata, Pa., and Elizabeth Oberholtzer Horst of 119 New St., Lititz, Pa., was born Aug. 2, 1924; died Oct. 24, 1932, at the home of his aunt Barbara Oberholtzer, 114 Front St., Lititz, Pa., after a short illness of croup; aged 8 y. 2 m. 22 d. He is survived by his parents and one sister (Miriam) living with his mother; also his grandparents Mr. and Mrs. Reuben W. Horst of Ephrata, Pa., and Mrs. Amos Oberholtzer of 119 New St., Lititz, Pa. Funeral services were held on Wednesday afternoon, Oct. 26, at the Lititz Mennonite Church and interment in the Hess Cemetery. We sorrow not as those who have no hope for the Lord took him home in his tender years. "You are now in Jesus' arm, Kept forever from all harm. The thot that we must part Again, breaks my heart; But Jesus has this promise given That I shall meet you up in heaven."

Wanner.--Annie, daughter of William and Catharine Landis, and wife of Bro. Amos S. Wanner, was born Aug. 20, 1861; died Oct. 11, 1932, at her home in Lancaster, Co., Pa.; aged 71 y. 1 m. 21 d. She suffered a paralytic stroke about a month before her death. She was in failing health for about a year. She is survived by her husband, 2 foster children (Jesse of Mt. Airy and Frances at home), 2 step-children (Daniel Weaver of Rohrerstown, Pa., and Martha--wife of Charles Smith, Morgantown, Pa.), also 3 brothers (Alvin Landis, Samuel Landis and A. A. Landis, Ephrata, Pa.). She was a member of the Ephrata Mennonite congregation. Funeral services were conducted by Bro. Amos Horst at the house and Bros. Noah Landis and John Sauder at the Weaverland Mennonite Church. Interment in the adjoining cemetery. "In the home she shall be missed,
By her brothers and many more.
But some day we hope to meet her
On that bright and happy shore."

Good.--Susie G., wife of Harvey Good of near Bowmansville, Pa., was born Aug. 27, 1894; died Oct. 10, 1932; aged 38 y. 1 m. 14 d. She took sick on the morning of Oct. 10. As the seriousness of the illness became apparent she was moved to the hospital, but after the operation she began to sink steadily until she quietly passed away, answering the call of the Master. During the fall of 1909 she stood in a class of applicants as the result of the efforts of the first evangelistic meetings ever held at the Mennonite Church at Goodville. These meetings were in charge of Bro. John Mosemann, when 70 confessions were made. She leaves a sorrowing husband and 6 children (Gladys, Marvin, Calvin, David, Walter and Harvey all at home), her parents (David Z. and Mary Ann Burkhart), 2 sisters, and 7 brothers. A mother in Israel has gone. A light has dimmed and gone out; a vacant chair, an empty void, and we wonder why. But then we comfort ourselves in the thought that what the Lord doeth is well done. The funeral was held from her late home Oct. 14, Bro. Moses Gehman officiating. Further services were held at the Bowmansville Church; interment in the adjoining cemetery. Bro Isaac Geigly and Bro. Geo. Horning spoke on the text Psa. 90:6. "Rest on, dear mother, sister, your labors o'er Your living hands will toil no more. No faithful friend, so true and kind, No more on earth like you we'll find."
A sister.

Wenger.--Mary, daughter of Elias and Fanny Wenger, was born near Orrville, Ohio, Jan. 17, 1878, and some time during the night of Oct. 18, 1932, she passed from the shades of earthly night to the realms of the life beyond, having reached the age of 54 y. 9 m. 1 d. Mother and father preceded her in death. There remain to mourn her sudden departure two sisters and four brothers: Alice (Mrs. M. B. Yoder) of Orrville, Ohio, David Wenger of Smithville, Ohio, Joseph Wenger of Orrville, Ohio, John Wenger of Goshen, Ind., Dora (Mrs. E. S. Lape) of Bluffton, Ohio, Fred Wenger of Orrville, Ohio, and a host of other relatives and many friends. In her youth she confessed Jesus as her personal Savior and was received into the communion of the Oak Grove Amish Church. Later she became a charter member of the Orrville Mennonite Mission Church in which fellowship she continued faithful until death. From a child she was not so strong physically but was always ready to give the strength she had to labors of helpfulness in home and Church. She was a friend to children and very thoughtful of the aged. Her hospitality and gracious ministries in the home will always be remembered by her immediate loved ones and her many neighbors and friends. Sister Mary always took an active interest in the work of the Church and was faithful in keeping the ordinances of the house of the Lord. For a number of years she served as teacher in the Sunday school and always responded when possible in the work of the sisters' missionary circle and the young people's Bible meeting where she gave her last public ministry on October 2nd. While death came suddenly yet it was not unexpected. She frequently referred to the uncertainty of life and said, "I am ready any time." We feel confident she experienced the words of the Psalmist when he said, "Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for thou art with me." Funeral services were conducted at the home and the Oak Grove Church Oct. 22 by I. W. Royer, J. A. Leichty, C. Z. Yoder, J. S. Gerig, and J. N. Smucker. Texts, Mark 14:3; Jno. 12:3.

Kiser.--Mary M., widow of A. J. Kiser was born July 17, 1860; died Oct. 14, 1932; aged 72 y. 2 m. 27 d. Death came very suddenly of heart failure, while visiting with her brother at the old home of their childhood near Dale Enterprise, Va., in the home of her niece (Mrs. John E. Heatwole). During her visit she was unusually quiet, having very little to say. After eating her supper she retired. About 11 o'clock she called saying, "I am so sick," passing away in less than twenty minutes later. Her body was moved to the home of her son J. D. Kiser, the same night of her death, with whom she had her home. She was the daughter of the late Jacob and Susan Brunk. One brother (D. S. Brunk of Gulfport, Miss.) is the only remaining member of the family. Her mother was twice married, first to Frederick Weaver. To this union one son and four daughters were born, half-brother and sisters to the deceased, all of whom preceded her in death, one brother and one sister having died in childhood. In her youth she united with the Mennonite Church and lived faithful throughout her life. On Sept. 3, 1878, she was married to A. J. Kiser of near New Erection. To this union were born 5 children, 3 of whom survive (Jake of this place, John of La Junta, Colo., Fannie Shirk of Gettysburg, Pa.), 15 grandchildren and 4 great-grandchildren also survive. Waiting the arrival of her son John and daughter Fannie the funeral services were held Oct. 18. Short services at the home conducted by Leonard Jones, at Weavers Mennonite Church services were conducted by Bros. S. H. Rhodes and J. S. Martin. Text, Prov. 4:18. "'Tis hard to part with sister, mother, dear, No more to see her here; But yet we're glad, if God thought best To end her troubles and give her rest, In heaven to reign with angels fair, May our names too, be written there; That we again may each other meet And walk with her through the golden streets."
By the family.

Lehman.--Susannah, daughter and eldest child, of Abraham and Anna Wideman, was born Sept. 3, 1876, near Floradale, Ont.; died Oct. 16, 1932, at her home near Dodds, Alta.; aged 56 y. 1 m. 10 d. Death was caused by a complication of dropsy, enlarged heart, and diseases of the kidneys and liver. Sister Lehman was united in holy matrimony with J. K. Lehman at Sibley, Iowa, Feb. 9, 1898. This union was blessed with 8 children--5 boys and 3 girls, 1 girl (Christina) died in infancy. The sons are Joseph, Alvin, Oliver, David, and Melvin. The daughters are Irene (Mrs. Ezra Stauffer) and Mary (Mrs. Roy Roth). Her mother preceded her to the spirit world in 1925 and her father 11 months ago. With her husband she moved to Mayton, Alta., March 11, 1901, where they made their home until March 11, 1915. Then they moved to Hubbard, Oreg. There they resided until the Fall of 1917, when they returned to Mayton, Alta. The following spring (1918) they moved to the Tofield district, where they remained until the time of her departure. She leaves a loving husband, 5 sons, 3 daughters, 6 grandchildren, 5 brothers, and 3 sisters. Sister Lehman united with the Mennonite Church in the fall of 1901, of which she remained a faithful member to the time of her departure, faithfully discharging her duties as a minister's wife (her husband having been ordained to that office since 1906). Sister Lehman was much interested in caring for the sick. Many days and nights were spent in caring for sick persons. The Sister failed in health about a year ago, but her health was again restored sufficiently in the spring so that she was able to attend communion services. Late this summer she took a turn for the worse and during the latter weeks especially she suffered severe pain almost continually day and night. She expressed a desire to depart and be with Christ, stating that her Savior could not come too soon to take her Home. On Sunday afternoon her request was granted and she found rest. Funeral services were conducted at the Salem Mennonite Church, conducted by Bro. Isaac Miller of Mazeppa, Alta. (Texts Psa. 91; Jas. 4:14), also by Bro Henry Harder of Didsbury, Alta. (Psa. 116:15), assisted by the home ministers. Interment in cemetery near by.
"Mother, dear, your wish is granted,
Sorrow, pain, and grief are o'er;
By the grace of God we'll meet you,
Over on the peaceful shore."

Transcribed by Martha E. Heath, Indiana.

UP


Gospel Herald - Volume XXV, Number 32 - November 10, 1932 -- pages 703, 704

Smith.--John R. Smith was born Feb. 20, 1851; died Aug. 31, 1932; aged 81 y. 6 m. 11 d. He is survived by 3 children (Mrs. Ella Hendricks, Harvey D. Smith and Leidy D. Smith). His wife and 2 sons preceded him in death.

Springer.--Quinton Howard, infant son of John and Susie Springer, was born Oct. 4, 1932, near Davenport, Nebr.; died Oct. 7. He leaves his parents, 2 brothers (Victor Oran and Dayton John), 1 grandfather, 2 grandmothers, a host of uncles, aunts and other relatives and friends. Quinton Howard has escaped the cares and sorrows of earth, his pure innocent life has been saved from the blight of sin. He was but a tender bud on earth, but will be a fragrant flower in heaven.

Handrich.--Edward, infant son of Elmer and Verna Handrich, Fairview, Mich., died Oct 15; aged 5 days. He leaves his parents, 3 brothers, and 1 sister (1 sister and 1 brother preceded him), 2 grandfathers, 1 grandmother, uncles, aunts, and many friends. Short services were held at the house by Bro. Mose Steiner after which the body was laid away in the Fairview Cemetery.
Precious darling thou hast left us,
Left us, yes, forevermore;
And we hope to meet our loved ones
On that bright and happy shore.

Brubaker.--Elizabeth N., wife of Wayne E. Brubaker of Akron, Pa., died Oct. 14, 1932, at the Lancaster General Hospital following an operation; aged 50 y. 4 m. 27 d. Her death came as a shock to all, although she had been ailing for some time. She was a daughter of the late Henry and Lizzie Nolt Burkhart, of Bareville, Pa. She was a member of Metzler's Mennonite Church for 32 years. She is missed by all, especially in the home. She is survived by her husband and 2 daughters: Irene (Mrs. A. Roy Landis) of Witmer, and Alberta (Mrs. Raymond Hess) of Lititz; also 3 grandchildren, and the following sisters: Mrs. Henry Keller, Mrs. Aaron Burkhart, Mrs. Elias Hess, Mrs. Floyd Graybill, and Mrs. Eli Sauders, all of Bareville. Funeral services were held Oct. 17 from the late home with further services at the Groffdale Mennonite Church by the brethren, John Sauder and Benjamin Wenger. Interment in the adjoining cemetery.
"Dear mother, you are not forgotten,
Though on earth you are no more;
Still in memory you are with us,
As you always were before."
The Family.

Smoker.--Anna G. (Stoltzfus) Smoker was born near Morgantown, Pa., March 15, 1904; died Oct. 8, 1932 in the Lancaster, Pa., St. Joseph Hospital following an operation. She had a serious operation but was getting along very well and was making preparation soon to go home until the morning of the tenth day following the operation she quietly and very unexpectedly passed away. She was married to Levi S. Smoker and to this union were born 4 children (Omer, Marian, Alvin, and Wilmer). Besides the family she leaves to mourn her widowed mother (Leah Stoltzfus), 4 brothers and 1 sister (Elam, Morgantown, Pa.; Mrs. Eli Smoker, New Holland, Pa.; Jacob, Paradise, Pa.; Abner, Lancaster, Pa.; Reuben, Leola, Pa.). She will be missed much in the home, Church and community for her love and kindness to others. We cannot understand why, but we may pray to God that He will give us grace that we may say from the heart, "Thy will be done." Funeral was largely attended with services at the house by John Kennel, from I Cor. 15, followed by services at the Millwood A. M. Church of which she was a faithful member. Texts: Psa. 39, by Amos Stoltzfus, and Phil. 1:21-23, by Christian Kurtz.
"Sister thou wast mild and lovely,
Gentle as the summer breeze,
Pleasant as the air of evening
When it floats among the trees.
Yet again we hope to meet thee
When the day of life is fled,
Then in heaven with joy to greet thee,
Where no farewell tear is shed."
By family.

Senger.--David L., son of Martin and Elizabeth Senger, was born near Orrville, O., May 24, 1876. At the age of 4 years he came with his parents to Stark Co., O., where he spent the remainder of his life on the farm. Not having fully recovered from an attack of influenza some months ago, his body became an easy victim for a complication of diseases, which terminated in death at his home Oct. 20, 1932, at the age of 56 y. 4 m. 26 d. He was united in marriage to Malinda Kaser of Mt. Eaton, O., June 21, 1900. To them was born one child, Mrs. Oda Mutchler. When about 20 years of age he accepted Jesus Christ as his personal Savior and united with the Pleasant View Mennonite Church. He was of a quiet, unassuming disposition, and because of his love for his Savior and his deep concern for the S. S. and church he was chosen leader of a number of activities of the church. At the time of his death he was Supt. of the Pleasant View S. S., which position he has held almost continuously for many years. He was also trustee of the church for a long period of time. By his passing on we may safely say that the thought of one who was a faithful member of the church, the S. S., the home, and the neighborhood, will long be cherished in memory's casket. He leaves his loving wife (Malinda), his daughter (Oda), 2 brothers (Rudy of Goshen, Ind. and Henry of Buffalo, N. Y.), 1 sister (Mrs. Fannie Detrow of Leetonia, O.). 2 grandchildren, and many relatives and friends. Funeral services were held at the Pleasant View Church near Bowdil, O., Oct. 23, with sermon by O. N. Johns (Text, Prov. 14:32), assisted by I. J. Buchwalter and P. R. Lantz. An overflow meeting was held in the schoolhouse close by, in charge of Wm. Myers, Ben Good, John Leichty, and I. W. Royer.

Transcribed by Martha E. Heath, Indiana

UP


Gospel Herald - Volume XXV, Number 33 - November 17, 1932 -- pages 719-720

Shoemaker.--Anna (Greider) Shoemaker was born Dec. 21, 1859 at Silver Springs, Pa.; died Oct. 30, 1932, at the home of her daughter at Evanston, Ill.; aged 72 y. 10 m. 21 d. She moved to Freeport, Ill., where she resided until a few years ago. She leaves 1 daughter (Mrs. W. C. Willumsen, Evanston, Ill.); 1 son (Harry Shoemaker, Patterson, N. J.); 3 grandchildren, 3 brothers, and 1 sister (John Greider, Freeport, Ill.; Andrew and Abraham Greider, Mt. Joy, Pa.; and Mrs. Sue Charles, Lancaster, Pa.). One brother (Benjamin) preceded her in death. Funeral services were held from the Wolfer Mortuary, Freeport, Ill., by S. E. Graybill. Burial in Oakland Cemetery.

Ressler.--Blanche Kathryn, infant daughter of Maurice and Dorothy (Landis) Ressler, died at her home in Marietta, Pa., Nov. 1, 1932; aged 14 days. She leaves her parents, two brothers (Maurice and John), two grandfathers, two grandmothers, and a host of relatives and friends. Little Blanche was a weak child from her birth, but was seemingly doing well until the afternoon before she died. Funeral services were held from her home Thursday afternoon, Nov. 3, in charge of Bro. Simon Garber. Text, Job 1:21.
"Her little bed is empty now,
The voice we loved is still;
And though our hearts are broken,
We know it is God's will.
Her parents.

Bucher.--Phares B. Bucher, a faithful member of the Mennonite Church, was born Feb. 14, 1855; died at the home of his son, Ira Bucher of Lititz, Pa., Oct. 24, 1932; aged 77 y. 8 m. 10 d. Although he was confined to his bed for one year, he suffered little pain. He is survived by three children: Sue and Elam Bucher, both of Lebanon Co., Pa., and Ira Bucher, Lititz, Pa.; also one brother and five sisters survive. Funeral services were held Oct. 27 from the home, with further services at the Lititz Mennonite Church. Interment in the Hammer Creek Cemetery. Bros. John S. Hess and Noah Landis officiated. May the Lord bless the son and his companion for the tender care given to the father during his illness.

Kauffman.--Drusilla (Helmuth) Kauffman was born in Holmes Co., Ohio, Nov. 21, 1879; died at her home near Hutchinson, Kans., Nov. 3, 1932; aged 52 y. 11 m. 12 d. She came to Kansas in the spring of 1888 with her parents, Noah Helmuth and wife. On Dec. 11, 1902, she was married to David H. Kauffman. To this union 9 children were born. On Sept. 7, 1919, her husband died. She leaves 7 children: Aaron Kauffman; Mrs. Eli S. Miller; Dick Kauffman; Mrs. David L. Stutzman; Levi, Daniel, and Jacob Kauffman; also two brothers and one sister: Benj. and Arthur Helmuth, and Mrs. V. J. Headings. She was buried Nov. 4. The services were conducted by N. D. Mast and Jacob A. Miller. She was a faithful member of the O. O. Amish Mennonite Church since her youth, and bore her suffering patiently, which was caused by cancer.

Oyer.--Earl R., second son of Joseph and Bertha Oyer, was born near Foosland, Ill., Sept. 2, 1911; died at his home Oct. 28, 1932; aged 21 y. 1 m. 26 d. Earl accepted Christ as his personal Savior, united with the East Bend Mennonite Church at the age of 14, and remained a faithful member to the end. He leaves his father and mother, four brothers (Walter, of Fisher, Ill., Elmer, Leslie, and Merle at home), four sisters (Ruth, Ruby, Dora, and Dorothy, also at home), one grandfather, and a host of other relatives and friends. One sister and one brother preceded him in death, having died in infancy. Death came very unexpectedly after an illness of about a week, with an abscess on his kidney. Funeral services were held at the East Bend Mennonite Church with Bros. Roy Unzicker (acting pastor of the Saybrook Mennonite Church), and J. A. Heiser, in charge. Text, Eccl. 9:12. Interment at East Bend Cemetery.

Kolb.--Emma, wife of Clayton Kolb, New Holland, Pa., was born Oct. 13, 1874; died in the Lancaster General Hospital Oct. 17, 1932; aged 58 y. 4 d. She is survived by her husband and four children (Ruth, wife of Abel Weber; Mary, Aaron and John), eight grandchildren, and one sister (Mrs. Jacob L. Stauffer, Spring City, Pa.) She became ill nine days before her death, suffering intense pain all the time. She was fully resigned, saying she was "satisfied whatever is the Lord's will." She will be greatly missed, but we realize our loss is her gain. She was much concerned about her family to the last, and the last few days and nights spent with her will never be forgotten. She was a member of Hershey's Mennonite Church, where funeral services were conducted by Bros. Ira Hershey (Text, Prov. 10:7), and Abram Martin (Text, Phil. 1:23), the latter selected by her.
"'Tis hard to part with mother, dear,
No more to see her here;
But yet we're glad, if God thought best
To end her troubles and give her rest,
In heaven to reign with angels fair,
May our names, too, be written there;
That we again may each other meet
And walk with her through the golden streets."
A daughter.

Reutsche.--Agatha Reutsche was born in Switzerland Feb. 22, 1852, and departed this life Oct. 29, 1932; aged 80 y. 8 m. 7 d. She came to this country in 1871 arriving at Hopedale, Ill., at which place she was married to Jacob Reutsche the same year. They resided at Hopedale for about five years, moving from there to Peoria, Ill. This union was blessed with 4 daughters (Mrs. Annie Savage, Mrs. Lizzie Gunther, Mrs. Mary Powell, Mrs. Emma Specht), and 1 son (Jacob) having preceded her in death. Her husband preceded her in death twelve years ago. She leaves 4 children, 11 grandchildren and 15 great-grandchildren. In former years she was a member of the Lutheran Church, until about two years ago she renewed her covenant with the Lord and united with the Mennonite Church at Pleasant Hill, and remained a true and faithful Christian until her departure. Her cheerful disposition and her loving, helpful ways won for her a large place in the life of her friends and family. She will be greatly missed, but we rest in the assurance that our loss is her eternal gain. Funeral services were conducted by Ezra Yordy and ---- Bredon.
"And let us choose the path she chose,
And her we soon again may see,
Beyond this world of sin and woes,
With Jesus in eternity."

Hostetler.--Clara Mae Hostetler was born to Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Unzicker, Mar. 7, 1903, near Roanoke, Ill.; died Nov. 2, 1932, in the Shelbyville, Ill., hospital, aged 29 y. 7 m. 26 d. She was united in marriage to Ora J. Hostetler Nov. 26, 1922. To this union were born 3 sons and 2 daughters. An infant son, 3 brothers, and 1 sister preceded her in death. She leaves to mourn her early departure, her bereaved husband, 4 children (Alice, Andy, Robert, and Mabel), father, mother, 3 sisters (Mrs. Dan Hostetler of Cazenovia, Ill., Mrs. Herman Hostetler and Mrs. Joseph Hostetler of Shelbyville, Ill.), 6 brothers (William of Harvey, Ill., Andy, John, Elton, Harley and Williard, all of Washburn, Ill.), 1 grandfather (August Unzicker) and a host of relatives and friends. She united with the Amish Mennonite Church in her early youth and remained a faithful member until death. She was a loyal Christian, a devoted wife, and loving mother. She was ill exactly eight weeks. God thought it best to take her unto Himself. We can but humbly say, "Thy will be done." Her death has brought much sorrow, not only to her immediate family but all her relatives and friends. Funeral was held Nov. 4 at the Mt. Hermon church near Shelbyville, Ill., conducted by Joseph Reber, L. C. Hostetler, and Joseph Kennell of Roanoke, Ill. Burial in cemetery near by.
"The family circle is broken now,
Since mother is gone to rest;
But we our heads do humbly bow,
And say, 'God thought it best.' "

Umble.--John G. Umble was born Feb. 16, 1883; died at his home near Atglen, Pa., Oct. 13, 1932; aged 49 y. 7 m. 27 d. He is survived by a sorrowing companion and ten children (Henry K. near Atglen, Leon, Omar, Willis, Verna, John, Leroy, Samuel, Mary and Ada Ruth); also by his aged parents (Henry M. and Malinda Umble), one brother (Samuel G.), one sister (Mary G.), and his mother-in-law, Mary Kauffman, who is past ninety-two years old. He united with the Church thirty years ago, when a class of twenty-one sealed their vows by baptism, he being the first one to answer the summons on high. He was a faithful brother, very much interested in the welfare of his family, Church, and community. He was sick with pneumonia only one week. God thought it best to call him home. Just why one so much needed in the home (his father being in a rather helpless condition) and Church and community should be called away at this time is hard for us to understand, but God's ways are not our ways. Funeral Oct. 17, when over fourteen hundred gathered to pay their last tribute of respect. Services conducted at the house by John M. Stoltzfus and at the Millwood Church by Amos B. Stoltzfus, John S. Mast, and Jonas D. Yoder, and at the grave by Aaron Mast. Texts, II Sam. 14:14; I Sam. 20:18; Job 14:14.
"A faithful father, so true and kind.
No more on earth like thee we'll find,
The family circle is broken now,
Since father is gone to rest,
But we our heads do humbly bow,
And say, 'God thought it best.' "
--By the family.

Kropf.--Elizabeth, only daughter of Christian J. and Magdalena Hostetler, was born in Lagrange Co., Ind., Mar. 23, 1855; passed away at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Niles P. Yoder, near Goshen, Ind., Oct. 30, 1932; aged 77 y. 7 m. 7 d. At the age of 13 years, she with her parents moved to Hickory Co., Mo., where she was married to Jacob D. Kropf on March 18, 1875. In the spring of 1876, they with her parents moved to Cass Co., Mo., where they resided till 1911, when they moved to Pryor, Okla. In 1912 they moved near Shelbyville, Ill., where her husband passed to the great beyond on June 30, 1920. Since this time she has been staying with her children in Illinois, Indiana, and New York, where she has been for the last few years. Her death was caused by cerebral hemorrhage, caused by an automobile accident about 3 weeks ago near Fremont, Ohio, while on her way back home with her son-in-law. She was taken to the Fremont hospital where she stayed just two weeks when she was taken to the home of her son-in-law near Goshen, Ind., where she spent several nights of good rest and sleep, when suddenly on Sunday morning about 5 o'clock she passed away. She leaves 4 sons, 5 daughters, 7 brothers, 65 grandchildren, and 21 great-grandchildren. Two daughters, 4 brothers, and 12 grandchildren preceded her to the spirit world. Her aged parents preceded her in 1925. She also leaves a host of relatives and friends. She accepted Christ in her young years, united with the Amish Mennonite Church, and remained faithful until death. Funeral was held Nov. 3 at the Mt. Hermon Church near Shelbyville, Ill., by the home ministers, Joseph Reber and L. C. Hostetler. Burial in cemetery near by.

Transcribed by Martha E. Heath, Indiana

-----

Note: the following obituary was sent in by a family researcher and is included here because of the statement, "... was a member of the Mennonite Church."

Springfield Daily News, Wednesday, Nov. 16, 1932, p. 18

Obituary - Charles E. Ferrenz

Death claimed Charles E. Ferrenz, 72, Tuesday at his home, Route 4, Springfield. He had been ill for some time.

Mr. Ferrenz was a member of the Mennonite Church.

He leaves an adopted son, Fred, of Portland, Ore.; two sisters, Mrs. Elmer Eckman of Dayton and Mrs. Gladys Hullinger of Springfield, and one brother, John B. Ferrenz of Springfield.

The body was removed to the Schaefer funeral home. Funeral services will be held at 2 p. m. Thursday at the Mennonite Church in Hillcrest. Burial will be made in Ferncliff Cemetery.
------

UP


Gospel herald - Volume XXV, Number 34 - November 24, 1932 -- pages 734-735

Rhodes.--Willard Fredrick, infant son of Bro. and Sister Paul Rhodes, was born near Dayton, Va., June 19, 1932; died of pneumonia at the Rockingham Memorial Hospital, aged 3 m. 15 d. He is survived by his parents and one little sister, Edith Marie. God in His infinite wisdom saw fit to pluck this tender bud from earth to blossom in His kingdom over there. What He does is well done. Funeral services were held at the Bank Church in charge of the brethren, J. R. Mumaw and M. J. Heatwole. Texts, II Sam. 12:23; Zech. 8:5. Peacefully sleeping in the adjoining cemetery.

Layman.--Albert S. Layman was born Dec. 27, 1860; died of complications at the home of his son near Harrisonburg, Va., Oct. 3, 1932; aged 71 y. 9 m. 7 d. On Feb. 3, 1884, he was united in marriage to Emma Taylor. To this union were born 3 sons. He was preceded in death by his companion almost five years ago. His health had been failing for the past year, but his condition did not seem critical until about two weeks prior to his death, when he was forced to take his bed. He was a member of the Mennonite Church for many years, in which faith he died. He is survived by 3 sons and 11 grandchildren. Funeral services were held from Weavers Church, conducted by the brethren S. H. Rhodes and L. H. Jones. Text, Heb. 4:1, 9-11. Buried in the cemetery near by.

Bechtel.--Fanny Bechtel was born in Lancaster Co., Pa., Feb. 28, 1846. When one year old she moved with her parents to Chester Co., Pa. Oct. 28, 1975 she was married to Henry L. Bechtel of Montgomery Co., Pa. to this union were born 2 sons (Francis, now living at Harrisonburg, Va.; Henry, with whom she lived and where she died). She lived in wedlock a little over two years. Her husband died Dec. 23, 1877. She then moved back to Chester Co., where she lived the rest of her days in widowhood. She died Oct. 19, 1932; aged 86 y. 7 m. 21 d. She leaves 2 sons, 7 grandchildren, and 11 great-grandchildren. Funeral was conducted from the home of her son Henry; at the house by Elias Kulp and Noah H. Mack; at the Vincent Mennonite Church by Warren Bean and J. C. Clemens. Interment in Bally Cemetery. Peace to her ashes.

Cunningham.--Elmer Jr., son of Bro. Elmer and Sister Flossie Cunningham, was born Sept. 5, 1932; died Oct. 18, 1932, near Whitmer, W. Va. In six short weeks the family learned to love little brother very much. Four brothers and two sisters survive--Lennie, Warren, Arthur, Mabel, Ernest, and Walter. God's ways are often beyond our understanding, so we bow in submission to His wisdom. Funeral services were held in the home by Bro. Jasper Smith. The little body was laid to rest beside an infant sister who left us over two years ago. Some day we hope to meet our loved ones in the Land of Perfect Day. Till then let us be faithful. "Brother and sister, gone to that clime, Wait for the others' coming sometime; Safe with the angels, whiter than snow, Watching for dear ones waiting below."

Weaver.--Michael B., son of John and Susanna Weaver, was born in Snyder Co., Pa., Nov. 22, 1848. He came to Elkhart Co., Ind., over 50 years ago, and resided in this community ever since, except from Mar., 1910 to Nov., 1923, when he resided near Alanson, Mich. He was united in marriage on Mar. 6, 1884, to Elizabeth Culp, but this union was broken by her death on Feb. 5, 1892. To this union were born 2 children, a daughter Rose and an infant son. The deceased had been in failing health for several years and died of infirmities of old age at his home in Elkhart, Ind., Oct. 28, 1932; aged 83 y. 11 m. 6 d. His daughter Rose survives him. He was the last surviving member of his family and of his generation of cousins. He was a member of the Prairie St. Mennonite Church, Elkhart, Ind. Funeral services were conducted at the Yellow Creek Church by Bishops J. K. Bixler and D. A. Yoder.

Smeltzer.--Mary Edna (Grosh) Smeltzer was born in Elkhart Co., Ind., Feb. 23, 1894. In her early youth she became a member of the Mennonite Church and to the best of her ability lived an earnest Christian live, which was manifested to all with whom she came in contact. She was an obedient child, always desirous of pleasing her parents; a faithful wife and loving mother. She was united in marriage with George V. Smeltzer March 22, 1921. To this union were born 4 children, 2 dying in infancy. She leaves her husband, a son (Ray Edward), and an infant son (Mervin Jay), her parents (Oliver and Emma Grosh), a brother (Walter A. Grosh of Akron, O.), 3 sisters (Myrtle Smeltzer and Bessie Weaver of Elkhart and Ida Brubaker of Sagrada, Mo.), a foster brother (Henry Neff of Elkhart), and many other relatives and friends. She passed on at the Elkhart General Hospital Nov. 8, 1932, aged 38 y. 8 m. 16 d. Funeral services held at the Olive Church conducted by D. A. Yoder and C. A. Shank.

Miller.--Preston Miller was born June 4, 1865; died Oct. 5, 1932 at the home where he was born and lived all his life near Dayton, Va., all the family being at the bedside when the end came; aged 67 y. 4 m. 1 d. He died from complications being a sufferer of heart trouble for a number of years. During the last 6 months he was also afflicted with rheumatism which disabled him for active service. He was a kind, loving husband and father, a good neighbor, and was loved by all who knew him. He was a useful person, always active in public welfare. On April 4, 1893 he married Elizabeth, daughter of Abram Swartz. This union was blessed with 2 sons and 2 daughters (Lenna, wife of Russel Rhodes of Tyler, Texas; Lester Miller of Richmond, Ky.; Roscoe and Elva Miller at home), 1 granddaughter, 1 sister (Mrs. Lizzie Bowman of Vienna, Va.), 2 brothers (S. E. Miller and Conrad Miller), 1 half-brother (James Miller). Funeral services were conducted at the U. B. Church at Dayton by Henry Earley of the Brethren Church and J. S. Martin of the Mennonite Church, assisted by Wade Miller of the U. B. Church. Interment in the Dayton Cemetery.

Rheinheimer.--Mary Ann, eldest daughter of Frederick and Rachael (Miller) Suntheimer, was born July 5, 1861; died Oct. 27, 1932; aged 71 y. 3 m. 22 d. Feb. 15, 1891, she was married to Jacob Johns. To this union were born 2 children (Abbie--who died in infancy, Hettie--who died 15 years ago). Her first husband died Dec. 30, 1894. On March 13, 1898, she was married to Jacob Rheinheimer. She leaves her beloved companion, 3 step-sons (Edward, Shipshewana, Ind., John Frederick, York, N. Dak., Ira J., Elkhart, Ind.), 1 step-daughter (Mrs. Samuel E. Weaver, Goshen, Ind.), 1 granddaughter (Mary Catherine Plank) who was taken into the home at the age of 3 weeks, and a host of relatives and friends. In her youth she accepted Christ as her Savior and was baptized in the Mennonite faith which she kept until the end. Sister Rheinheimer was afflicted with cancer for 3 years. "Mother dear, your wish is granted; Sorrow, pain and grief are o'er. By the grace of God we'll meet you Over on the peaceful shore." Funeral services at the Forks Church by Josiah Miller and D. D. Miller.

Townsend.--Elizabeth, daughter of William and Jane (Williams) Rockwell, was born May 12, 1900; died Oct. 31, 1932; aged 32 y. 5 m. 19 d. On July 5, 1923, she was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Frank J. Townsend, who survives her. God gave to this union four little children as a blessing to the happy home: William, Rebecca, Junior, and Vernon. She united with the Mennonite Church at Masontown, Pa., at the age of 14 years. She lived a quiet and devoted Christian life, and died trusting in the Lord. She will be missed in the home, and by all those who knew her; but God in His infinite wisdom doeth all things well. She also leaves her father and mother, and the following brothers and sister: Brown, Glenn, Lloyd, Elmer, Wendell, J. R. and Mrs. Harry Gray--besides other relatives and a host of friends. Funeral services were held at the Masontown Mennonite Church on Nov. 3, conducted by Bro. Elmer Hess and Bro. A. J. Metzler. Burial in the adjoining cemetery. "The family circle's broken now, Since Mother's gone to rest; But we our heads do humbly bow, And say, 'God thought it best.' "

Klopfenstein.--Mary Magdalene Klopfenstein, daughter of Christan and Elizabeth Kauffman, was born in Alsace-Lorraine, France, Oct. 22, 1862. She united with the Mennonite Church at the age of fourteen and remained faithful until death. She was united in marriage to Peter Klopfenstein, Jan. 24, 1881. To this union were born 2 sons and 4 daughters. In the year 1900 she with her husband and family immigrated to this country and located in Stark Co., where she spent the rest of her life. She was a faithful, devoted, and loving companion and mother, and a regular church attendant when possible. Her health failed for some weeks. That together with an exhausted body caused her death. On Monday evening, Nov. 7, 1932, at her home near Louisville, O., she quietly passed away, aged 70 y. 16 d. she is survived by five children (Mrs. Mary Rich, of Louisville, O., and Joseph, Anna, Hermon and Martha, all of the home), 11 grandchildren, 4 great-grandchildren, and many relatives (mostly residing in France) and friends. Her husband and one infant daughter (Margaret) preceded her in death. Funeral services were held at the Beech Mennonite Church and were in charge of the home bishop, Bro. O. N. Johns. Text, Mark 14:8. Interment in adjoining cemetery.

Hoover.--Sarah A. (Kreider) Hoover was born in Medina Co., Ohio, March 6, 1853; died Nov. 10, 1932 (of heart trouble and complications) aged 79 y. 8 m. 4 d. In 1882 she united with the Mennonite Church and remained a faithful member until death. On March 19, 1882, she was united in marriage to Noah S. Hoover of Elkhart Co., Ind. They took up their residence in Harrison Tp., and resided in this vicinity until death. He husband preceded her in death nearly 20 years. She leaves 3 children (Anna, J. Wm. and Ada now Mrs. Abram Hartman) and 8 grandchildren, all residing at or near home. Besides the immediate family she is survived by 4 brothers and 1 sister (Dr. M. K. Kreider and Dr. W. B. Kreider of Goshen, Ind., Pre. J. M. Kreider of Wadsworth, Ohio, J. H. Kreider of Porterville, Calif., and Mrs. D. S. Hoover of Goshen, Ind.) and many other relatives and friends. Her early life was spent in teaching school. Since her conversion she was always interested in the activities of the Church, her husband having served as deacon for a number of years. She was a loving mother, a kind neighbor, and will be greatly missed by all who knew her. Her recent sickness was of short duration and borne with patience, but with a desire to depart and be at rest. Funeral services were held at the Yellow Creek Church conducted by D. A. Yoder, Jonas Loucks, and C. A. Shank.

Shirk.--Mary W., wife of Edward H. Shirk and daughter of the late Isaac and Esther Burkhart, was born July 31, 1868; died April 21, 1932, in Lancaster General Hospital following an operation for appendicitis. On the 10th day after the operation her Master and Lord said, "Come"; so she peacefully fell asleep to awake on the resurrection morn. Age, 63 y. 8 m. 20 d. She leaves her bereaved husband, 1 daughter (Emma Newswanger), 2 sons (Leroy B. of Martindale and A. Diener Shirk of New Holland), 3 brothers (Amos W. Burkhart of New Holland, John Z. Burkhart of Bareville, and David Z. Burkhart of Bowmansville) and 1 sister (Rebecca W., wife of Menno Brubaker, New Holland). Mother is sadly missed in her home and in the Church and by her many friends. She was a faithful member of Groffdale Mennonite Church until death. Funeral services were conducted at the home by Bro. I. B. Good with further services at Weaverland Church by Bro. John W. Weaver. Interment in adjoining cemetery. "We cannot say, and we will not say That she is dead--she is just away; She is gone through the gate of another land, Led by the Master's hand; Where everything is kind and good, Where everything is understood, So may we live that we may go to the One above Who has taken her home as an act of love."
Husband and daughter.

Hershberger.--Sadie (Sommers) Hershberger was born in Holmes Co., Ohio, Oct. 22, 1897; died at her home near Uniontown, Ohio, Nov. 12, 1932; aged 35 y. 21 d. She was a daughter of John B. and Katie (Hostetler) Sommers. She was in failing health for a number of years and confined to her home since early in the spring, much of the time being spent in bed, her illness being dropsy and heart trouble. In 1916 she accepted Christ as her Savior and was faithful to the end. Her place in church was seldom vacant when health permitted her to attend. On Nov. 30, 1916, she was united in marriage with Atlee E. Hershberger of near Trail, Ohio, where they lived at the time of her death. To this union were born 2 sons and 1 daughter. Both sons preceded her in infancy. She leaves her bereaved husband and daughter Mary, her mother, 3 brothers, 5 sisters (Ben and Henry of this community, Martin of Sarasota, Fla., Anna -- wife of Ben P. Miller, Amanda -- wife of Joe Wittmer, Mary -- wife of Levi D. Slabaugh, and Alta at home, all of Stark Co., O.); also uncles, aunts and many cousins and friends. Her mother, having suffered a light stroke of paralysis 4 weeks ago, was not able to attend the funeral which was conducted at the Amish Walnut Grove Church by the brethren Sam Lichty and Seth Byler. Her father and a brother (Levi) preceded her in death some years ago. She bore her afflictions with Christian fortitude, always had a smile for all that came to visit her, and she left us that blessed assurance that it is well with her soul. Sleep on, dear sister. God called you home, He thought it best.

Rhodes.--Vesta V., daughter of the late Abram and Kathryn Spitzer, was born Sept. 18, 1876; died at her home near Hinton, Va., Oct. 24, 1932; aged 56 y. 1 m. 6 d. She had been in her usual health until week before last when she was stricken with bronchitis, which developed into pneumonia within a few days. After having suffered from pneumonia for nearly a week, she passed peacefully away. On June 18, 1911, she united with the Mennonite Church, continuing faithful to the end. Her life was an example of modesty and simplicity. She took an active part in religious affairs, and expressed her willingness to go and be "at rest with her Lord." She was a devoted mother and was dearly loved by her many friends, both old and young. On Feb. 11, 1899, she was united in marriage to William E. Rhodes. To this union were born 2 sons and 1 daughter. She was preceded in death by her husband more than 19 years ago. Surviving are 2 sons and 1 daughter (Percy, of Harrisonburg, Va., Harley and Vada at home); also by 2 grandchildren and 1 brother (D. W. Spitzer of Williamsville, Ill.). Funeral services were held from Mt. Horeb Church, conducted by J. S. Martin, assisted by J. E. Suter and J. S. Garrison. Text, II Tim. 4:6-8. Resting by the side of her companion in the adjoining cemetery.

Martin.--Nancy Virginia, daughter of the late Michael and Elizabeth Showalter, was born May 6, 1867; died suddenly at her home in Hinton, Va., Oct. 9, 1932; aged 65 y. 5 m. 3 d. The immediate cause of her death was a stroke of paralysis two hours previous to her death. She had been in failing health for some time. About a year ago she had a rather severe stroke of paralysis, from which she was quite ill for a number of months; but due to the efforts of her physician and nurses accompanied by the prayers and cares of her people, her life was spared and she showed great improvement. She was able to take her meals with the family for the last 3 months. She was the sixth child in the family of 11 children. In 1887 she was united in marriage to J. S. Martin of Hagerstown, Md. To this union were born 8 children, 6 of whom preceded her in death. In early life she united with the Mennonite Church and continued faithful until death. She was a devoted and faithful companion. On April 14, 1896, her husband was ordained to the ministry. She encouraged and aided him in this work in every possible way. Surviving are her husband, 1 daughter (Fannie E. at home), 1 son (J. Paul of near Hinton, Va.), 2 grandsons, 2 sisters (Mrs. J. D. Hartman and Nettie Showalter of Harrisonburg, Va.), and 3 brothers (Frank B. Showalter of Roscoe, Calif., Laban M., of Dayton, Va., and Walter L. of Harrisonburg). Funeral services were held from Weavers Church, conducted by S. H. Rhodes, assisted by the brethren, William Jennings and H. B. Keener. The 71st Psalm was read as an introductory lesson, this being a favorite chapter of the deceased. Text, Psa. 71:9, 18. Laid to rest in the cemetery near by.

Lapp.--Isaac, son of Pre. John K. and Lydia (King) Lapp of Hartville, Ohio, was born Mar. 27, 1909; died Oct. 29, 1932; aged 23 y. 7 m. 2 d. Death was due to an accident when on his way home from work on his bicycle on Saturday evening shortly after 6 o'clock when an automobile, traveling at a great speed and in the same direction, killed him instantly. It threw him about 50 feet off the road and across the fence into the field, his skull, 1 arm, and 1 leg being fractured. The accident happened in front of S. H. Byler's home, Mrs. Byler being an aunt of the deceased. The shock of his death came like a thunderbolt out of a clear sky. His body was taken to Bogard's funeral home in Hartville, where it was prepared for burial. On Saturday morning he left home hale and hearty, Sunday night he was brought home a corpse. Surely in the midst of life we are in death. The funeral was largely attended at the Amish Walnut Grove Church, services conducted by Sam Lichty and John Y. Peachy of Mifflin Co., Pa. Short services were conducted at the house by Bro. Peachy. He leaves father, mother, aged grandmother, 2 brothers and 5 sisters, uncles, aunts, cousins, and many friends. His brothers are Alva and Andrew, his sisters Rebecca--wife of Jerome Overholt, Sarah, Elsie, Rachel, and Iva Mae, all of Stark Co. He united with the Amish Church several years ago and was faithful to the end. We are made to wonder why one so young and in the very bloom of health must so suddenly be called away, while others feeble, afflicted and longing for rest are still left. "Not now, but in the coming years, It may be in the better land, We'll read the meaning of our tears And there sometime we'll understand. We'll catch the broken threads again And finish what we here began. Heav'n will the mysteries explain And then, ah then, we'll understand."

Bontrager.--Mary Hostetler Bontrager was born in Elkhart Co., Ind., Aug. 10, 1870. At the age of 17, she was baptized by Bishop Henry Miller of the Shore congregation. She was a member of the Shore Church for six years and then changed her membership to the Forks Church where she remained a faithful member until death. Sept. 25, 1887, she was united in marriage to David A. Bontrager. This union has proved to be long and beautiful. She has blessed and brightened the home for over forty-five years. She has mothered four children and has raised one foster son. She has spent many long years in caring for the aged who have spent their waning years in her home. In coming to the home of the Bontrager grandparents, she kindly and patiently cared for them during their declining years and later cared for grandmother Hostetler until her departure. After the wife of her brother Christ became unable to care for her children, Lester (then three years old) was taken into the Bontrager home. She has cared for him as her own son and he has revered her as his own mother. Lester has now been in her home for twenty-five years. For the last several years her health has been failing and the culmination was the result of a weak heart, being unable to bear up under the dreadful disease of Dropsy. On Tuesday morning, Nov. 8 while the whole world was rousing itself from slumber, she asked father for a drink of cold water. When father returned with the water mother had fallen asleep in eternity. Her passing was a diving benediction to a beautiful life. Age, 62 y. 2 m. 28 d. Mother is the first to break the family circle. She leaves her companion, 4 children and 1 foster son--Earley C., Flora A. Bontrager, Amos T., Fannie Anna, and Lester Hostetler, 11 grandchildren, 2 brothers (Christ Hostetler of Elkhart, Ind., Harry Hostetler of Shipshewana, Ind.), 2 sisters (Rebecca Miller, Goshen, Ind., and Sarah Grady of Elkhart, Ind.), and a host of relatives and friends. She was a kind and loving mother, deeply concerned in the welfare of her children. She has lived to see all her children and Lester accept her like precious faith. "Dear mother, though your toils are o'er Your loving words we hear no more; The last of sorrow's paths you've trod, We know you're resting now with God." Funeral services at Forks Church by J. Y. Hooley, D. J. Johns, and D. D. Miller.

Transcribed by Martha E. Heath, Indiana


||| UP ||| Next --> |<-- Previous |

Copyright 1999 - All rights reserved - Mennonite Publishing House, Scottdale, PA
Used with permission by the Archives of the Mennonite Church, Goshen, INDIANA
Permission granted to private family researchers to use selected portions of these images to tell their family stories.
May not be mass-produced in any form for commercial purposes.